CONSORTIUM ON COMPETITIVENESS AND COOPERATION (CCC)
The Consortium on Competitiveness and Cooperation (CCC) links together
scholars interested in long-run performance of U.S.-based companies and
institutions. During the 1994-95 period the CCC made various advances in
its overall program for research and outreach.
Scholars from Columbia University, Harvard Business School, the Sloan
School of Business at M.I.T., the Center for Economic Policy Research at
Stanford University, the Walter Haas School of Business at the University
of California, Berkeley, and the Huntsman Center for Global Competition
and Innovation at the Wharton School of Management of the University of
Pennsylvania currently participate in the CCC.
CCC participants engage in research and teaching on the improvement of
the competitive performance of the United States in the global economy.
They are united by conviction that orthodox disciplinary approaches to
the analysis of U.S. competitiveness overlook the institutional,
structural, and behavioral factors that affect the performance of
business enterprises and national economies. By combining the insights
of a number of social science disciplines and supplementing the analysis
of scholars with practicioners' knowledge, the CCC hopes to advance the
understanding of national competitiveness.
No single U.S. university or graduate school contains a "critical mass"
of scholars from diverse disciplinary backgrounds concerned with issues
that are primary to CCC. Accordingly, the network structure of the
Consortium is a significant source of strength. The CCC is dedicated to
disseminating its findings to government and industry to improving the
professional and graduate training of the managers, engineers, and social
scientists who will face these issues in the future. Research by CCC
scholars on technological innovation benefits from the cooperation of a
number of major U.S. corporations, including General Electric, General
Motors, Hewlett Packard, IBM, and XEROX.
Development of the Consortium
The CCC was organized in 1986 by the late Peter T. Jones, adjunct
professor at the Haas School of Business, and David J. Teece, Mitsubishi
Bank professor of international business and finance at the Haas School
of Business and director of IMIO. In May 1988, the Walter and Elise Haas
Fund established a $500,000 endowment for the CCC.
Grants for the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation in New York, the Smith
Richardson Foundation, the Pew Foundations, the Ford Foundations, the
Herrick Foundation, and the Haas family supported a number of activities
during the initial years. Since 1990, the Sloan Foundations has been the
primary funding source for the Consortium. In January 1990, the Sloan
Foundation announced a grant of $2.97 million to support the activities
of the CCC for three years. In December 1992, the Sloan Foundation
renewed its support for CCC with a three-year grant of $3.4 million.
CURRENT RESEARCH
The Sloan Foundation grants support CCC activities in the following areas:
Workshops on interdisciplinary research in technological innovation,
strategic management and public policy for graduate students in
management and social science disciplines at the Harvard Business School
(with the participation of faculty and students from M.I.T.'s Sloan
School of Management), Columbia University, Stanford University, the Haas
School of Business, and the Wharton School of Management.
The comparative study of the of the public and private institutions that
govern and influence the process of technological innovation in different
nations in the world economy.
Research on the management and competitive consequences of domestic and
international collaboration among firms in research and development and
in the commercialization of new technologies. This project also examines
the influence of public policies in the United States and foreign
economies on interfirm collaboration among firms in research and
development and in the commercialization of new technologies. This
project also examines the influence of public policies also examines the
influence of public policies in the United States and foreign economies
on interfirm collaboration and "strategic alliances."
Teaching, research, and curricular development in the U.C. Berkeley
Management of Technology Program.
Research at Stanford University on the commercialization of new technologies.
Research on the determinants and limits of firm-specific capabilities in
technological innovation and commercialization and on the balance of
proprietary and public activity and information in the innovation process
in industrial economies.
Several conference, involving CCC faculty, policy makers, and
representatives of industry, to disseminate the results of CCC research,
and to improve the dialogue among public policy and industrial decision
makers.
1993-95 OUTREACH
The CCC and the U.S.-Japan Industry and Technology Management Training
Program, supported by the U.S. Department of Defense/Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (DOD/AFOSR), contributed to the development of
several cooperative initiatives with Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory, including a lecture series on technology management and
industrial competitiveness at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. In
1993 they cosponsored a conference at U.C. Berkeley, its results to
be published by Oxford University Press as The International Computer
Software Industry : A comparative Study of Industry Evolution and Structure.
In January 1994, the first CCC Ph.D Colloquium on Technology, Management,
Strategy, and the Firm was held at Carnegie Mellon University. In April
1994, Dr. Ralph Gomory, formerly Senior Vice President and Chief Scientist
at IBM Corporation and currently President of the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation, visited U.C. Berkeley as Regents' Lecturer. In April 1994,
CCC Executive Committee members Professor Richard R. Nelson of Columbia
University and Professor Annetine Glejins of Columbia University
organizeed a one-day meeting of a prospective research group on the
innovation process in medical technologies, including medical devices and
instrumentation. In June 1994, the International Institute for Applied
Systems Analysis (IIASA) held a conference on "The Nature and Dynamics of
Organizational Capabilities" in Vienna that was organized by Professors
Richard R. Nelson of Columbia University, Sidney G. Winter of the Wharton
School, and Giovanni Dosi of the University of Rome.
Among its major activities for 1994-195, CCC held the second meeting of
its Research Project on Comparative Studies of the Evolution of Firm and
Industry Structure in High-Technology Industries at the Harvard Business
School on December 2-3, 1994. Presentations covered research in progress
on the evolution of industry structure over the product life cycle, the
creation and preservation of firm=specific competitive capabilities, the
influence of macroeconomic policy on firm and industry evolution, the
role of universities in the innovation process in modern industrial
economies, the role of competition policy and intellectual property
rights and the changing structure of Japan's industrial and technology
policies. A third meeting was held in Milan, Italy, in June 1995.
The "matrix" project also provided support for comparative studies of
industry and firm evolution in selected industries in Japan, Western
Europe, and the United States. Industries covered were chemicals,
computers and computer software, and medical devices, and
pharmaceuticals. Two additional meetings will be held in 1996, and an
edited volume of studies is scheduled for publication in 1997.
On April 22-23, 1995, the second CCC Ph.D Colloquium was held at the
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Based on the format of
the first colloquium, panels were organized to discuss presentations of
research in progress by Ph.D. students from Consortium member
institutions. The presentations covered topics in firm strategy,
technology management, evolutionary studies of firm and industry
structure, and technology policy.
In August 1994 Ranjay Gulati, recipient of a CCC Dissertation Fellowship
at the Harvard Business School, received the 19994 Free Press Award for
Outstanding Dissertation Research at the 1994 Academy of Management
meetings in Dallas, Texas. Professor Gulati's topic was "The Dynamics of
Alliance Formation."
The CCC supports an ongoing Working Papers
series which may be ordered by e-mail: chytry@haas.berkeley.edu
GOVERNANCE
The CCC director is Professor David J. Teece; the Deputy Director is
Professor David C. Mowery. Administration of overall CCC activities is
handled by IMIO, which also provides editorial support for the bi-annual
CCC Newsletter. Members of the executive committee, which provides
oversight for the CCC's activities, are:
Dr. Ralph Landau, Listowel Inc.,
and Consulting Professor, Stanford University
Professor Richard R. Nelson
Columbia University
Professor Richard S. Rosenbloom
Harvard University
Dr. William J. Spencer
CEO, Sematech